Pentium II
Pentium II
Produced: From mid 1997 to early 1999
Manufacturer:Intel
CPU Speeds:233 MHz to 450 MHz
FSB Speeds:66 MHz to 100 MHz
Process:(MOSFET channel length)0.35 µm to 0.25 µm
Instruction Set:x86
Microarchitecture:P6
Sockets:
· Slot 1
· MMC-1
· MMC-2
· Mini-Cartridge
· Others
Cores:
· Klamath
· Tonga
· Deschutes
· Dixon
The Pentium II is an x86 architecture microprocessor by Intel, introduced on May 7, 1997. It is based on a modified version of the P6 core first used for the Pentium Pro.
Pentium II is largely based upon its predecessor, Pentium Pro. However, there are some significant changes to the design of the processor.
Unlike previous Intel processors such as the Pentium and Pentium Pro, the Pentium II was packaged in a slot-based form-factor rather than a socket. The chip and associated components were carried on a daughterboard similar to a typical expansion board within a plastic cartridge. A fixed or removable heatsink was carried on one side, sometimes using its own fan
This larger package was a compromise allowing Intel to separate the secondary cache from the processor while still keeping it on a closely coupled backside bus. This separate cache was slower (running at half of the processor speed) than that in the Pentium Pro, but the smallest cache size was increased to 512 KiB from the 256 KiB on the Pentium Pro. Off-package cache solved the Pentium Pro's low yields, allowing Intel to introduce the Pentium II at a mainstream price level. This arrangement also allowed Intel to easily vary the amount of L2 cache, thus making it possible to target different market segments with cheaper or more expensive processors and accompanying performance levels.
Intel notably improved 16-bit code execution performance on Pentium II, an area in which Pentium Pro was at a notable handicap. Most consumer software of the day was still using at least some 16-bit code, because of a variety of factors. The Pentium II went to 32 KiB of L1 cache, double that of Pentium Pro, as well. Pentium II is also the first P6-based CPU to implement the Intel MMX integer SIMD instruction set which had already been introduced on the Pentium MMX.
Pentium II is basically a more consumer-oriented version of the Pentium Pro. It was cheaper to manufacture because of the separate, slower L2 cache memory. The improved 16-bit performance and MMX support made it a better choice for consumer-level operating systems, such as Windows 9x, and multimedia applications. Combined with the larger L1 cache and improved 16-bit performance, the slower and cheaper L2 cache's performance impact was minimized. General processor performance maximized while costs were cut.
The original Klamath Pentium II (Intel product code 80522) ran at 233 and 266 MHz, were produced in a 0.35 µm fabrication process. A 300 MHz version was released later in 1997.These CPUs worked with a 66 MHz front side bus and initially were used on motherboards equipped with the aging Intel 440FX Pentium Pro chipset. The Deschutes core Pentium II (80523), which debuted at 333 MHz in January 1998, was produced in a more suitable 0.25 µm fabrication process. The 333 MHz variant was the final Pentium CPU used with the legacy 66 MHz front side bus. Support for a 100 MHz front side bus speed heralded solid performance improvements. During 1998, Pentium IIs running at 266, 300, 350, 400, and 450 MHz were also released. Pentium II-based systems using the Intel 440LX chipset were the first to utilize the new generation RAM-standard, SDRAM (which replaced EDO RAM), and the AGP graphics bus.
The Pentium II Xeon was a high-end version intended for use on servers. Principally, it used a different type of slot (Slot 2), case, board design and used expensive full-speed custom L2 cache, which was again off-die. Versions were produced with 512 KiB, 1 MiB or 2 MiB L2 caches by varying the number of 512 KiB chips incorporated on the boardThe 0.25 μm "Tonga" core was the first mobile Pentium II and had all of the features of the desktop models. A mobile version with 256 KiB of on-die, full speed cache was produced late in the Pentium II's lifecycle. This "Dixon" core was the fastest type of Pentium II produced
In early 1999, the Pentium III superseded the Pentium II.
Models Core
Desktop
Klamath (80522)
L1 cache: 16 + 16 KiB (Data + Instructions)
L2 cache: 512 KiB, external chips on CPU module with 50% of CPU-speed
Slot 1 (GTL+)
MMX
Front side bus: 66 MHz
VCore: 2.8 V
Fabrication: 0.35 µm
First release: May 7, 1997
Clockrate: 233, 266, 300 MHz
Deschutes (80523)
L1 cache: 16 + 16 KiB (Data + Instructions)
L2 cache: 512 KiB, external chips on CPU module with 50% of CPU-speed
Slot 1 (GTL+)
MMX
Front side bus: 66, 100 MHz
VCore: 2.0 V
Fabrication: 0.25 µm
First release: January 26, 1998
Clockrate: 266 - 450 MHz
66 MHz FSB : 266, 300, 333 MHz
100 MHz FSB: 350, 400, 450 MHz
Mobile
Tonga (80523)
mobile Pentium II
L1 cache: 16 + 16 KiB (Data + Instructions)
L2 cache: 512 KiB, external chips on CPU module with 50% of CPU-speed
MMC-1, MMC-2, Mini-Cartridge (GTL+)
MMX
Front side bus: 66 MHz
VCore: 1.6 V
Fabrication: 0.25 µm
First release: June 7, 1997
Clockrate: 233, 266, 300 MHz
Dixon (80524)
mobile Pentium II PE ("Performance Enhanced")
L1 cache: 16 + 16 KiB (Data + Instructions)
L2 cache: 256 KiB, on-die, full CPU speed
BGA1, MMC-1, MMC-2, μPGA1 (GTL+)
MMX
Front side bus: 66, 100 MHz
VCore: 1.5, 1.55, 1.6 V, 2.0 V
Fabrication: 0.25 µm
First release: January 25, 1999
Clockrate: 266 - 400 MHz
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